Note, too, that for anions, we put square brackets around the Lewis dot symbol and place the negative charge outside the brackets. (c)Think About It For ions that are isoelectronic with noble gases, cations should have no dots remaining around the element symbol, whereas anions should have eight dots around the element symbol. Dont forget to include the appropriate charge on the Lewis dot symbol.Write Lewis dot symbols for (a) fluoride ion (F-), (b) potassium ion (K+), and (c) sulfide ion (S2-).Solution (a) Worked Example 5.1Strategy Starting with the Lewis dot symbols for each element, add dots (for anions) or remove dots (for cations) as needed to achieve the correct charge on each ion. Lewis Dot SymbolsIons may also be represented by Lewis dot symbols.Na+O 1s22s22p4Core electrons not represented in the Lewis dot symbolValence electron lost in the formation of the Na+ ion.Remember the charge Lewis Dot SymbolsDots are not paired until absolutely necessary.For main group metals such as Na, the number of dots is the number of electrons that are lost.For nonmetals in the second period, the number of unpaired dots is the number of bonds the atom can form.5 valence electrons first pair formed in the Lewis dot symbol Lewis Dot SymbolsLewis dot symbols of the main group elements. Maximum stability results when a chemical species is isoelectronic with a noble gas.Lewis Dot Symbols When atoms form compounds, it is their valence electrons that actually interact.ДЄ Lewis dot symbol consists of the elements symbol surround by dots.Д®ach dot represents a valence electron.Boron1s22s22p13 valence electronsLewis dot symbol for boronother reasonable Lewis dot symbols for boronLewis Dot SymbolsДЄtoms combine in order to achieve a more stable electron configuration. Ionic and Covalent Compounds5.1Compounds5.2Lewis Dot Symbols5.3Ionic Compounds and Bonding5.4Naming Ions and Ionic CompoundsFormulas of Ionic CompoundsNaming Ionic Compounds5.5Covalent Bonding and MoleculesMoleculesMolecular FormulasEmpirical Formulas5.6Naming Molecular CompoundsSpecifying Numbers of AtomsCompounds Containing HydrogenOrganic CompoundsДҐ.7 Covalent Bonding in Ionic SpeciesPolyatomic IonsOxoacidsHydratesFamiliar Inorganic Compounds5.8 Molecular and Formula Masses5.9 Percent Composition of Compounds5.10 Molar MassInterconverting Mass, Moles, and Number of ParticlesDetermination of Empirical Formula and Molecular Formula from Percent CompositionIonic and Covalent CompoundsДЄ compound is a substance composed of two or more elements combined in a specific ratio and held together by chemical bonds.ДЇamiliar examples of compounds are water and salt (sodium chloride). McCorkleCosumnes River CollegeSacramento, CA Chemistry: Atoms FirstJulia Burdge & Jason OverbyIonic and Covalent CompoundsKent L.

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